Table 5 Similarities in mitochondral and brain dysfunctions between encephalomyelitis disseminata/multiple sclerosis (ED/MS) and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)
Mitochondrial dysfunctions | ED/MS | ME/CFS |
|---|---|---|
Depleted ATP production (muscle and brain) | ✓ | ✓ |
Decreased phosphocreatine resynthesis following exercise | ✓ | ✓ |
Impaired oxidative phosphorylation | ✓ | ✓ |
Acceleration of glycolysis | ? | ✓ |
Damage to mitochondrial respiratory chain in neurons | ✓ | ? |
Oxidative mitochondrial damage | ✓ | ✓ |
Mitochondrial energy failure | ✓ | ✓ |
Brain dysfunctions: | ||
Cerebral hypoperfusion | ✓ | ✓ |
Reduced cerebral glucose metabolism | ✓ | ✓ |
Gray matter atrophy | ✓ | ✓ |
Increased cerebral lactate | ✓ | ✓ |
Increased cerebral choline | ✓ | ✓ |
Reduced levels of N-acetyl aspartate | ✓ | ✓ |