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Table 2 Smoking-related metabolites in KORA S4.

From: Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on human serum metabolite profile: results from the KORA cohort study

Metabolites

CS versus NS

CS versus FS

FS versus NS

 

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Men

(125 versus 200)

(125 versus 321)

(321 versus 200)

Arginine

1.7 (1.3, 2.2)

2.6e-05a

1.3 (1.0, 1.6)

0.03a

1.2 (1.0, 1.5)

0.03

Aspartate

1.6 (1.2, 2.0)

2.5e-04a

1.4 (1.1, 1.7)

4.7e-03a

1.1 (0.9, 1.3)

0.36

Glutamate

1.6 (1.2, 2.0)

6.2e-04a

1.4 (1.1, 1.9)

0.02a

1.0 (0.8, 1.3)

0.88

Ornithine

1.4 (1.2, 1.9)

2.2e-03a

1.3 (1.1, 1.7)

8.3e-03a

1.0 (0.9, 1.2)

0.78

Serine

1.4 (1.1, 1.8)

3.5e-03a

1.2 (1.0, 1.5)

0.12

1.1 (0.9, 1.4)

0.25

Kynurenine

0.6 (0.5, 0.9)

3.2e-03a

0.7 (0.5, 0.9)

2.3e-03a

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

0.88

PC aa C32:3

0.7 (0.5, 0.9)

6.4e-03a

0.8 (0.6, 1.0)

0.07

0.9 (0.7, 1.0)

0.12

PC aa C34:1

1.7 (1.3, 2.2)

2.0e-04a

1.7 (1.3, 2.2)

2.5e-05a

0.9 (0.8, 1.1)

0.49

PC aa C36:0

0.6 (0.5, 0.8)

3.5e-04a

0.6 (0.5, 0.8)

2.7e-04a

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

0.72

PC aa C36:1

1.6 (1.2, 2.0)

9.4e-04a

1.6 (1.3, 2.0)

8.2e-05a

0.9 (0.8, 1.1)

0.33

PC aa C38:0

0.7 (0.5, 0.9)

2.1e-03a

0.6 (0.5, 0.8)

1.2e-04a

1.0 (0.9, 1.3)

0.64

PC aa C38:3

1.5 (1.1, 1.9)

3.4e-03a

1.3 (1.1, 1.7)

0.01a

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

0.85

PC aa C40:4

1.5 (1.2, 2.0)

3.4e-03a

1.4 (1.1, 1.8)

3.6e-03a

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

0.86

PC ae C34:3

0.5 (0.4, 0.7)

3.3e-06a

0.6 (0.5, 0.8)

6.0e-05a

0.9 (0.7, 1.1)

0.23

PC ae C38:0

0.7 (0.5, 0.9)

2.1e-03a

0.6 (0.5, 0.8)

6.7e-04a

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

0.94

PC ae C38:6

0.7 (0.5, 0.9)

4.8e-03a

0.7 (0.5, 0.8)

6.6e-04a

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

0.97

PC ae C40:6

0.6 (0.5, 0.8)

8.8e-04a

0.7 (0.5, 0.8)

8.9e-04a

0.9 (0.8, 1.1)

0.33

lysoPC a C18:2

0.7 (0.5, 0.9)

3.3e-03a

0.8 (0.6, 0.9)

0.046a

0.9 (0.7, 1.1)

0.23

Women

(70 versus 395)

(70 versus 130)

(130 versus 395)

carnitine

1.8 (1.4, 2.4)

4.3e-05a

1.5 (1.1, 2.1)

0.01a

1.1 (0.9, 1.4)

0.32

Glutamate

1.7 (1.3, 2.2)

1.2e-04a

1.8 (1.3, 2.5)

1.1e-03a

0.9 (0.7, 1.1)

0.17

PC aa C32:1

1.5 (1.1, 1.9)

2.1e-03a

1.4 (1.0, 2.0)

0.03a

1.1 (0.9, 1.4)

0.24

PC aa C36:1

1.6 (1.2, 2.0)

1.1e-03a

1.5 (1.1, 2.0)

0.02a

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

0.87

PC ae C34:3

0.6 (0.4, 0.8)

7.7e-04a

0.6 (0.4, 0.8)

2.5e-03a

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

0.94

SM (OH) C22:2

0.6 (0.5, 0.8)

2.1e-03a

0.6 (0.4, 0.9)

4.9e-03a

0.9 (0.7, 1.1)

0.35

  1. Results of pair wise comparison by logistic regression of metabolites on smoking status adjusted for age, body mass index and alcohol consumption. Men and women were analyzed separately. We present all results with a false discovery rate (FDR) below 0.05 (in the comparison between CS and NS, the FDR was calculated by P-value adjusted for all 140 metabolites; for CS versus FS and FS versus NS, the FDR was calculated by P-value adjusted for the number of metabolites significantly different between CS and NS). Smoking-related metabolites found in both men and women are in bold. aa: diacyl-; ae: acyl-alkyl-; CI: confidence interval; CS: current smokers; FS: former smokers; NS: never smokers; PC: phosphatidylcholine; lysoPC: acyl-phosphatidylcholine; SM (OH): hydroxysphingomyeline. aFDR <0.05.
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BMC Medicine

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