Differentiation between fetal and postnatal iron deficiency in altering brain substrates of cognitive control in pre-adolescence

Table 1 Brain regions showing significant Control × Group interaction in cue-elicited activity

Cluster	Hemi	Peak MNI coordinate			Size	Fetal ID			Postnatal ID			IS
Cluster	Hemi	x	y	z	Size	Pro	Rea	DIF	Pro	Rea	DIF	Pro	Rea	DIF
Posterior rolandic operculum	L	− 38	− 23	16	92	ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−	ns	ns	ns
Posterior insula	L					ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−	ns	ns	ns
Heschel’s gyrus	L					ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−	ns	ns	ns
Superior temporal gyrus	L					ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−	ns	ns	ns
Posterior insula	R	42	− 10	− 2	45	ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−	ns	ns	ns
Superior temporal gyrus	R	42	− 10	− 2	45	ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−	ns	ns	ns
Superior frontal gyrus	L	− 13	25	63	42	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−
Supplemental motor area	L	− 13	25	63	42	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−
Caudate nucleus	L	− 13	15	3	32	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	−	+
Putamen	L	− 13	15	3	32	ns	−	+	ns	ns	ns	ns	−	+
Parahippocampus	R	22	5	− 22	31	ns	ns	ns	ns	+	−	ns	ns	ns
Superior orbital gyrus	L	− 15	50	− 17	29	+	ns	+	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

Among brain regions showing significant Control × Group interaction, we conducted further analyses to see whether there was significant condition difference in activity at these brain regions for each group. In Pro and Rea columns, “ + ” and “ − ” separately indicate activation and deactivation; in the DIF column, “ + ” indicates greater brain activation or weaker deactivation in proactive vs. reactive conditions and opposite differences are represented by “ − ”. Brain regions in bold are at the peak MNI coordinates of clusters. Other brain regions in these clusters are in italics
ID Iron deficiency, IS Iron sufficiency, Hemi Hemisphere, R Right, L Left, Pro Proactive, Rea Reactive, DIF Differences

ISSN: 1741-7015