Steffens DC, Fisher GG, Langa KM, Potter GG, Plassman BL. Prevalence of depression among older Americans: the aging, demographics and memory study. Int Psychogeriatr. 2009;21:879–88.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
van Sloten TT, Sigurdsson S, van Buchem MA, Phillips CL, Jonsson PV, Ding J, Schram MT, Harris TB, Gudnason V, Launer LJ. Cerebral small vessel disease and association with higher incidence of depressive symptoms in a general elderly population: the Ages-Reykjavik study. Am J Psychiatry. 2015;172:570–8.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lavretsky H, Zheng L, Weiner MW, Mungas D, Reed B, Kramer JH, Jagust W, Chui H, Mack WJ. Association of depressed mood and mortality in older adults with and without cognitive impairment in a prospective naturalistic study. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167:589–97.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Korten NC, Comijs HC, Lamers F, Penninx BW. Early and late onset depression in young and middle aged adults: differential symptomatology, characteristics and risk factors? J Affect Disord. 2012;138:259–67.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mitchell AJ, Subramaniam H. Prognosis of depression in old age compared to middle age: a systematic review of comparative studies. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162:1588–601.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Beekman AT, Geerlings SW, Deeg DJ, Smit JH, Schoevers RS, de Beurs E, Braam AW, Penninx BW, van Tilburg W. The natural history of late-life depression: a 6-year prospective study in the community. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59:605–11.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Aziz R, Steffens DC. What are the causes of late-life depression? Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2013;36:497–516.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sivertsen H, Bjorklof GH, Engedal K, Selbaek G, Helvik AS. Depression and quality of life in older persons: a review. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015;40:311–39.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Köhler S, Buntinx F, Palmer K, van den Akker M. Depression, vascular factors, and risk of dementia in primary care: a retrospective cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2015;63:692–8.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Almeida OP, Hankey GJ, Yeap BB, Golledge J, Flicker L. Depression as a risk factor for cognitive impairment in later life: the Health in Men cohort study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;31:412–20.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Santos M, Gold G, Kovari E, Herrmann FR, Bozikas VP, Bouras C, Giannakopoulos P. Differential impact of lacunes and microvascular lesions on poststroke depression. Stroke. 2009;40:3557–62.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gaupp RE. Depressive states in older age. Med Wochenschrift. 1905;25:1531–7 [In German].
Google Scholar
Alexopoulos GS, Bruce ML, Silbersweig D, Kalayam B, Stern E. Vascular depression: a new view of late-onset depression. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 1999;1:68–80.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Greenstein AS, Paranthaman R, Burns A, Jackson A, Malik RA, Baldwin RC, Heagerty AM. Cerebrovascular damage in late-life depression is associated with structural and functional abnormalities of subcutaneous small arteries. Hypertension. 2010;56:734–40.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Thomas AJ, Perry R, Kalaria RN, Oakley A, McMeekin W, O’Brien JT. Neuropathological evidence for ischemia in the white matter of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in late-life depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003;18:7–13.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Alexopoulos GS, Meyers BS, Young RC, Campbell S, Silbersweig D, Charlson M. ‘Vascular depression’ hypothesis. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54:915–22.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Park JH, Lee SB, Lee JJ, Yoon JC, Han JW, Kim TH, Jeong HG, Newhouse PA, Taylor WD, Kim JH, et al. Epidemiology of MRI-defined vascular depression: a longitudinal, community-based study in Korean elders. J Affect Disord. 2015;180:200–6.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krishnan KR, Hays JC, Blazer DG. MRI-defined vascular depression. Am J Psychiatry. 1997;154:497–501.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krishnan KR, Taylor WD, McQuoid DR, MacFall JR, Payne ME, Provenzale JM, Steffens DC. Clinical characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging-defined subcortical ischemic depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2004;55:390–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pimontel MA, Reinlieb ME, Johnert LC, Garcon E, Sneed JR, Roose SP. The external validity of MRI-defined vascular depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013;28:1189–96.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kales HC, Maixner DF, Mellow AM. Cerebrovascular disease and late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005;13:88–98.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Turk BR, Gschwandtner ME, Mauerhofer M, Loffler-Stastka H. Can we clinically recognize a vascular depression? The role of personality in an expanded threshold model. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94:e743.
Google Scholar
Licht-Strunk E, Bremmer MA, van Marwijk HW, Deeg DJ, Hoogendijk WJ, de Haan M, van Tilburg W, Beekman AT. Depression in older persons with versus without vascular disease in the open population: similar depressive symptom patterns, more disability. J Affect Disord. 2004;83:155–60.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Naarding P, Tiemeier H, Breteler MM, Schoevers RA, Jonker C, Koudstaal PJ, Beekman AT. Clinically defined vascular depression in the general population. Psychol Med. 2007;37:383–92.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Butters MA, Young JB, Lopez O, Aizenstein HJ, Mulsant BH, Reynolds 3rd CF, DeKosky ST, Becker JT. Pathways linking late-life depression to persistent cognitive impairment and dementia. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2008;10(3):345–57.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Thuile J, Even C, Guelfi JD. Validity of vascular depression as a specific diagnostic: a review. Encéphale. 2007;33:39–48.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rainer MK, Mucke HA, Zehetmayer S, Krampla W, Kuselbauer T, Weissgram S, Jungwirth S, Tragl KH, Fischer P. Data from the VITA Study do not support the concept of vascular depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;14:531–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sneed JR, Culang-Reinlieb ME. The vascular depression hypothesis: an update. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011;19:99–103.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Aizenstein HJ, Khalaf A, Walker SE, Andreescu C. Magnetic resonance imaging predictors of treatment response in late-life depression. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2014;27:24–32.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Diniz BS, Butters MA, Albert SM, Dew MA, Reynolds 3rd CF. Late-life depression and risk of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based cohort studies. Br J Psychiatry. 2013;202:329–35.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Jellinger KA. Organic bases of late-life depression: a critical update. J Neural Transm. 2013;120:1109–25.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Naismith SL, Norrie LM, Mowszowski L, Hickie IB. The neurobiology of depression in later-life: clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging and pathophysiological features. Prog Neurobiol. 2012;98:99–143.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yasuno F, Kazui H, Morita N, Kajimoto K, Ihara M, Taguchi A, Yamamoto A, Matsuoka K, Kosaka J, Kudo T, et al. High amyloid-beta deposition related to depressive symptoms in older individuals with normal cognition: a pilot study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;31(8):920–8.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mahgoub N, Alexopoulos GS. Amyloid hypothesis: is there a role for antiamyloid treatment in late-life depression? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;24:239–47.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Culang-Reinlieb ME, Johnert LC, Brickman AM, Steffens DC, Garcon E, Sneed JR. MRI-defined vascular depression: a review of the construct. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011;26:1101–8.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Disabato BM, Sheline YI. Biological basis of late life depression. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2012;14:273–9.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Taylor WD, Aizenstein HJ, Alexopoulos GS. The vascular depression hypothesis: mechanisms linking vascular disease with depression. Mol Psychiatry. 2013;18:963–74.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Serafini G, Amore M, Rihmer Z. Microstructural brain abnormalities, affective temperaments, and suicidal behavior in patients with major depression. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation. 2015;2:200–14.
Google Scholar
Agudelo C, Aizenstein HJ, Karp JF, Reynolds 3rd CF. Applications of magnetic resonance imaging for treatment-resistant late-life depression. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015;17:151–69.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hybels CF, Pieper CF, Payne ME, Steffens DC. Late-life depression modifies the association between cerebral white matter hyperintensities and functional decline among older adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;24(1):42–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Naarding P, Noorthoorn EO, Burm TL, van der Mast RC, Beekman AT, Comijs HC. Cerebrovascular involvement and clinical presentation of late-life depression, findings from the NESDO study. Aging Ment Health. 2016;20(10):1099–106.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jellinger KA. The enigma of vascular depression. Austin Alzh Parkinson Dis. 2016;3:1026.
Google Scholar
Paranthaman R, Burns AS, Cruickshank JK, Jackson A, Scott ML, Baldwin RC. Age at onset and vascular pathology in late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012;20:524–32.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Concerto C, Lanza G, Cantone M, Pennisi M, Giordano D, Spampinato C, Ricceri R, Pennisi G, Aguglia E, Bella R. Different patterns of cortical excitability in major depression and vascular depression: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study. BMC Psychiatry. 2013;13:300.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pan A, Keum N, Okereke OI, Sun Q, Kivimaki M, Rubin RR, Hu FB. Bidirectional association between depression and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Diabetes Care. 2012;35:1171–80.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Thomas AJ, Kalaria RN, O’Brien JT. Depression and vascular disease: what is the relationship? J Affect Disord. 2004;79:81–95.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sexton CE, McDermott L, Kalu UG, Herrmann LL, Bradley KM, Allan CL, Le Masurier M, Mackay CE, Ebmeier KP. Exploring the pattern and neural correlates of neuropsychological impairment in late-life depression. Psychol Med. 2012;42:1195–202.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vu NQ, Aizenstein HJ. Depression in the elderly: brain correlates, neuropsychological findings, and role of vascular lesion load. Curr Opin Neurol. 2013;26:656–61.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Byers AL, Yaffe K. Depression and risk of developing dementia. Nat Rev Neurol. 2011;7:323–31.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Alexopoulos GS. Depression in the elderly. Lancet. 2005;365:1961–70.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Thomas P, Hazif Thomas C, Billon R, Peix R, Faugeron P, Clement JP. Depression and frontal dysfunction: risks for the elderly? Encéphale. 2009;35:361–9.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Köhler S, Verhey FR. Cognitive deficits in late-life depression. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2011;53:601–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zuidersma M, Izaks GJ, Naarding P, Comijs HC, Oude Voshaar RC. Vascular burden and cognitive function in late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;23:514–24.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grool AM, Gerritsen L, Zuithoff NP, Mali WP, van der Graaf Y, Geerlings MI. Lacunar infarcts in deep white matter are associated with higher and more fluctuating depressive symptoms during three years follow-up. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;73:169–76.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chang KJ, Hong CH, Kim SH, Lee KS, Roh HW, Kang DR, Choi SH, Kim SY, Na DL, Seo SW, et al. MRI-defined versus clinically-defined vascular depression; comparison of prediction of functional disability in the elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2016;66:7–12.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Potter GG, McQuoid DR, Steffens DC, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Krishnan KR. Neuropsychological correlates of magnetic resonance imaging-defined subcortical ischemic depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24:219–25.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Starkstein SE, Fedoroff JP, Price TR, Leiguarda R, Robinson RG. Apathy following cerebrovascular lesions. Stroke. 1993;24:1625–30.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bergman Levy T, Barak Y, Sigler M, Aizenberg D. Suicide attempts and burden of physical illness among depressed elderly inpatients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2011;52:115–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Reinlieb ME, Persaud A, Singh D, Garcon E, Rutherford BR, Pelton GH, Devanand DP, Roose SP, Sneed JR. Vascular depression: overrepresented among African Americans? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014;29:470–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
McDermott MM, Guralnik JM, Tian L, Kibbe MR, Ferrucci L, Zhao L, Liu K, Liao Y, Gao Y, Criqui MH. Incidence and prognostic significance of depressive symptoms in peripheral artery disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016;5(3), e002959.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Daskalopoulou M, George J, Walters K, Osborn DP, Batty GD, Stogiannis D, Rapsomaniki E, Pujades-Rodriguez M, Denaxas S, Udumyan R, et al. Depression as a risk factor for the initial presentation of twelve cardiac, cerebrovascular, and peripheral arterial diseases: data linkage study of 1.9 million women and men. PLoS One. 2016;11, e0153838.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pequignot R, Dufouil C, Prugger C, Peres K, Artero S, Tzourio C, Empana JP. High level of depressive symptoms at repeated study visits and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke over 10 years in older adults: The Three-City Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64:118–25.
PubMed
Google Scholar
D’Audiffret AC, Frisbee SJ, Stapleton PA, Goodwill AG, Isingrini E, Frisbee JC. Depressive behavior and vascular dysfunction: a link between clinical depression and vascular disease? J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010;108:1041–51.
Google Scholar
Bouzinova EV, Wiborg O, Aalkjaer C, Matchkov VV. Role of peripheral vascular resistance for the association between major depression and cardiovascular disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2015;65:299–307.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Peters R, Pinto E, Beckett N, Swift C, Potter J, McCormack T, Nunes M, Grimley-Evans J, Fletcher A, Bulpitt C. Association of depression with subsequent mortality, cardiovascular morbidity and incident dementia in people aged 80 and over and suffering from hypertension. Data from the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET). Age Ageing. 2010;39:439–45.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kozela M, Bobak M, Besala A, Micek A, Kubinova R, Malyutina S, Denisova D, Richards M, Pikhart H, Peasey A, et al. The association of depressive symptoms with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in Central and Eastern Europe: prospective results of the HAPIEE study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016. doi:10.1177/2047487316649493.
Sun WJ, Xu L, Chan WM, Lam TH, Schooling CM. Are depressive symptoms associated with cardiovascular mortality among older Chinese: a cohort study of 64,000 people in Hong Kong? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013;21:1107–15.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Choi NG, Kim J, Marti CN, Chen GJ. Late-life depression and cardiovascular disease burden: examination of reciprocal relationship. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014;22:1522–9.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Capistrant BD, Gilsanz P, Moon JR, Kosheleva A, Patton KK, Glymour MM. Does the association between depressive symptoms and cardiovascular mortality risk vary by race? Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study. Ethn Dis. 2013;23:155–60.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Van der Kooy K, van Hout H, Marwijk H, Marten H, Stehouwer C, Beekman A. Depression and the risk for cardiovascular diseases: systematic review and meta analysis. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007;22:613–26.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lee SR, Choi B, Paul S, Seo JH, Back DB, Han JS, Choi DH, Kwon KJ, Shin CY, Lee J, et al. Depressive-like behaviors in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Transl Stroke Res. 2015;6:207–14.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jackson CA, Mishra GD. Depression and risk of stroke in midaged women: a prospective longitudinal study. Stroke. 2013;44:1555–60.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cherbuin N, Kim S, Anstey KJ. Dementia risk estimates associated with measures of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2015;5, e008853.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kim S, Woo SY, Kang HS, Lim SW, Choi SH, Myung W, Jeong JH, Lee Y, Hong CH, Kim JH, et al. Factors related to prevalence, persistence, and incidence of depressive symptoms in mild cognitive impairment: vascular depression construct. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;31:818–26.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wu KY, Liu CY, Chen CS, Chen CH, Hsiao IT, Hsieh CJ, Lee CP, Yen TC, Lin KJ. Beta-amyloid deposition and cognitive function in patients with major depressive disorder with different subtypes of mild cognitive impairment: (18)F-florbetapir (AV-45/Amyvid) PET study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2016;43:1067–76.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mourao RJ, Mansur G, Malloy-Diniz LF, Castro Costa E, Diniz BS. Depressive symptoms increase the risk of progression to dementia in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;31:905–11.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kaup AR, Byers AL, Falvey C, Simonsick EM, Satterfield S, Ayonayon HN, Smagula SF, Rubin SM, Yaffe K. Trajectories of depressive symptoms in older adults and risk of dementia. JAMA Psychiat. 2016;73:525–31.
Google Scholar
Mirza SS, Wolters FJ, Swanson SA, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A, Tiemeier H, Ikram MA. 10-year trajectories of depressive symptoms and risk of dementia: a population-based study. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3:628–35.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ravaglia G, Forti P, Lucicesare A, Rietti E, Pisacane N, Mariani E, Dalmonte E. Prevalent depressive symptoms as a risk factor for conversion to mild cognitive impairment in an elderly Italian cohort. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008;16:834–43.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Godin O, Dufouil C, Ritchie K, Dartigues JF, Tzourio C, Peres K, Artero S, Alperovitch A. Depressive symptoms, major depressive episode and cognition in the elderly: the three-city study. Neuroepidemiology. 2007;28:101–8.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barnes DE, Alexopoulos GS, Lopez OL, Williamson JD, Yaffe K. Depressive symptoms, vascular disease, and mild cognitive impairment: findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:273–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zuidersma M, Comijs HC, Naarding P, Oude Voshaar RC. Cognitive performance in depressed older persons: the impact of vascular burden and remission. A two-year follow-up study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;31(9):1029–39.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pasi M, Poggesi A, Salvadori E, Diciotti S, Ciolli L, Del Bene A, Marini S, Nannucci S, Pescini F, Valenti R, et al. White matter microstructural damage and depressive symptoms in patients with mild cognitive impairment and cerebral small vessel disease: the VMCI-Tuscany Study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;31(6):611–8. doi:10.1002/gps.4368.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Panza F, D'Introno A, Colacicco AM, Capurso C, Del Parigi A, Caselli RJ, Todarello O, Pellicani V, Santamato A, Scapicchio P, et al. Depressive symptoms, vascular risk factors and mild cognitive impairment. The Italian longitudinal study on aging. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2008;25:336–46.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Alexopoulos GS. Vascular disease, depression, and dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003;51:1178–80.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lin WC, Hu LY, Tsai SJ, Yang AC, Shen CC. Depression and the risk of vascular dementia: a population-based retrospective cohort study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016. doi:10.1002/gps.4493.
van den Kommer TN, Comijs HC, Aartsen MJ, Huisman M, Deeg DJ, Beekman AT. Depression and cognition: how do they interrelate in old age? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013;21:398–410.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Park JH, Lee SB, Lee TJ, Lee DY, Jhoo JH, Youn JC, Choo IH, Choi EA, Jeong JW, Choe JY, et al. Depression in vascular dementia is quantitatively and qualitatively different from depression in Alzheimer’s disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2007;23:67–73.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wilson RS, Capuano AW, Boyle PA, Hoganson GM, Hizel LP, Shah RC, Nag S, Schneider JA, Arnold SE, Bennett DA. Clinical-pathologic study of depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in old age. Neurology. 2014;83:702–9.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wilson RS, Boyle PA, Capuano AW, Shah RC, Hoganson GM, Nag S, Bennett DA. Late-life depression is not associated with dementia-related pathology. Neuropsychology. 2016;30(2):135–42. doi:10.1037/neu0000223.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
McCutcheon ST, Han D, Troncoso J, Koliatsos VE, Albert M, Lyketsos CG, Leoutsakos JS. Clinicopathological correlates of depression in early Alzheimer's disease in the NACC. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016. Ahead of print. doi:10.1002/gps.4435.
De Roeck E, Ponjaert-Kristoffersen I, Bosmans M, De Deyn PP, Engelborghs S, Dierckx E. Are depressive symptoms in mild cognitive impairment predictive of conversion to dementia? Int Psychogeriatr. 2016;28(6):921–8.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Osorio RS, Gumb T, Pomara N. Soluble amyloid-beta levels and late-life depression. Curr Pharm Des. 2014;20:2547–54.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sexton CE, Mackay CE, Ebmeier KP. A systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies in late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013;21:184–95.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sneed JR, Rindskopf D, Steffens DC, Krishnan KR, Roose SP. The vascular depression subtype: evidence of internal validity. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64:491–7.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Colloby SJ, Firbank MJ, Thomas AJ, Vasudev A, Parry SW, O’Brien JT. White matter changes in late-life depression: a diffusion tensor imaging study. J Affect Disord. 2011;135:216–20.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Firbank MJ, O’Brien JT, Pakrasi S, Pantoni L, Simoni M, Erkinjuntti T, Wallin A, Wahlund LO, van Straaten I, Inzitari D. White matter hyperintensities and depression--preliminary results from the LADIS study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005;20:674–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Herrmann LL, Le Masurier M, Ebmeier KP. White matter hyperintensities in late life depression: a systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008;79:619–24.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shimony JS, Sheline YI, D’Angelo G, Epstein AA, Benzinger TL, Mintun MA, McKinstry RC, Snyder AZ. Diffuse microstructural abnormalities of normal-appearing white matter in late life depression: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;66:245–52.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Steffens DC, Taylor WD, Denny KL, Bergman SR, Wang L. Structural integrity of the uncinate fasciculus and resting state functional connectivity of the ventral prefrontal cortex in late life depression. PLoS One. 2011;6, e22697.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wang L, Leonards CO, Sterzer P, Ebinger M. White matter lesions and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res. 2014;56:56–64.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Taylor WD, MacFall JR, Payne ME, McQuoid DR, Steffens DC, Provenzale JM, Krishnan RR. Greater MRI lesion volumes in elderly depressed subjects than in control subjects. Psychiatry Res. 2005;139:1–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dalby RB, Chakravarty MM, Ahdidan J, Sorensen L, Frandsen J, Jonsdottir KY, Tehrani E, Rosenberg R, Ostergaard L, Videbech P. Localization of white-matter lesions and effect of vascular risk factors in late-onset major depression. Psychol Med. 2010;40:1389–99.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sheline YI, Price JL, Vaishnavi SN, Mintun MA, Barch DM, Epstein AA, Wilkins CH, Snyder AZ, Couture L, Schechtman K, McKinstry RC. Regional white matter hyperintensity burden in automated segmentation distinguishes late-life depressed subjects from comparison subjects matched for vascular risk factors. Am J Psychiatry. 2008;165:524–32.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Taylor WD, Zhao Z, Ashley-Koch A, Payne ME, Steffens DC, Krishnan RR, Hauser E, MacFall JR. Fiber tract-specific white matter lesion severity findings in late-life depression and by AGTR1 A1166C genotype. Hum Brain Mapp. 2013;34:295–303.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wen MC, Steffens DC, Chen MK, Zainal NH. Diffusion tensor imaging studies in late-life depression: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014;29:1173–84.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krishnan MS, O'Brien JT, Firbank MJ, Pantoni L, Carlucci G, Erkinjuntti T, Wallin A, Wahlund LO, Scheltens P, van Straaten EC, Inzitari D. Relationship between periventricular and deep white matter lesions and depressive symptoms in older people. The LADIS Study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;21:983–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Delano-Wood L, Abeles N, Sacco JM, Wierenga CE, Horne NR, Bozoki A. Regional white matter pathology in mild cognitive impairment: differential influence of lesion type on neuropsychological functioning. Stroke. 2008;39:794–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
O'Brien JT, Firbank MJ, Krishnan MS, van Straaten EC, van der Flier WM, Petrovic K, Pantoni L, Simoni M, Erkinjuntti T, Wallin A, et al. White matter hyperintensities rather than lacunar infarcts are associated with depressive symptoms in older people: the LADIS study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;14:834–41.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Godin O, Dufouil C, Maillard P, Delcroix N, Mazoyer B, Crivello F, Alperovitch A, Tzourio C. White matter lesions as a predictor of depression in the elderly: the 3C-Dijon study. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;63:663–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yao H, Takashima Y, Araki Y, Uchino A, Yuzuriha T, Hashimoto M. Leisure-time physical inactivity associated with vascular depression or apathy in community-dwelling elderly subjects: the Sefuri study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015;24:2625–31.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Firbank MJ, Teodorczuk A, van der Flier WM, Gouw AA, Wallin A, Erkinjuntti T, Inzitari D, Wahlund LO, Pantoni L, Poggesi A, et al. Relationship between progression of brain white matter changes and late-life depression: 3-year results from the LADIS study. Br J Psychiatry. 2012;201:40–5.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Teodorczuk A, O’Brien JT, Firbank MJ, Pantoni L, Poggesi A, Erkinjuntti T, Wallin A, Wahlund LO, Gouw A, Waldemar G, et al. White matter changes and late-life depressive symptoms: longitudinal study. Br J Psychiatry. 2007;191:212–7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Teodorczuk A, Firbank MJ, Pantoni L, Poggesi A, Erkinjuntti T, Wallin A, Wahlund LO, Scheltens P, Waldemar G, Schrotter G, et al. Relationship between baseline white-matter changes and development of late-life depressive symptoms: 3-year results from the LADIS study. Psychol Med. 2010;40:603–10.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Qiu WQ, Himali JJ, Wolf PA, DeCarli DC, Beiser A, Au R. Effects of white matter integrity and brain volumes on late life depression in the Framingham Heart Study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016. doi:10.1002/gps.4469.
Takahashi K, Oshima A, Ida I, Kumano H, Yuuki N, Fukuda M, Amanuma M, Endo K, Mikuni M. Relationship between age at onset and magnetic resonance image-defined hyperintensities in mood disorders. J Psychiatr Res. 2008;42:443–50.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Allan CL, Sexton CE, Kalu UG, McDermott LM, Kivimaki M, Singh-Manoux A, Mackay CE, Ebmeier KP. Does the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile predict white-matter changes in late-life depression? Int Psychogeriatr. 2012;24(4):524–31.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mast BT, Miles T, Penninx BW, Yaffe K, Rosano C, Satterfield S, Ayonayon HN, Harris T, Simonsick EM. Vascular disease and future risk of depressive symptomatology in older adults: findings from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64:320–6.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sheline YI, Pieper CF, Barch DM, Welsh-Bohmer K, McKinstry RC, MacFall JR, D'Angelo G, Garcia KS, Gersing K, Wilkins C, et al. Support for the vascular depression hypothesis in late-life depression: results of a 2-site, prospective, antidepressant treatment trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67:277–85.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
van der Heijden FM, Zeebregts CJ, Reijnen MM. Does extracranial arterial pathology play a role in late-onset psychiatric disorders? Cogn Behav Neurol. 2010;23:147–51.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Prins ND, Scheltens P. White matter hyperintensities, cognitive impairment and dementia: an update. Nat Rev Neurol. 2015;11:157–65.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nebes RD, Reynolds 3rd CF, Boada F, Meltzer CC, Fukui MB, Saxton J, Halligan EM, DeKosky ST. Longitudinal increase in the volume of white matter hyperintensities in late-onset depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2002;17:526–30.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Taylor WD, Steffens DC, MacFall JR, McQuoid DR, Payne ME, Provenzale JM, Krishnan KR. White matter hyperintensity progression and late-life depression outcomes. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60:1090–6.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lee JJ, Lee EY, Lee SB, Park JH, Kim TH, Jeong HG, Kim JH, Han JW, Kim KW. Impact of white matter lesions on depression in the patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Psychiatry Investig. 2015;12:516–22.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Olazarán J, García-Polo P, García-Frank D, Quirós A, Hernández-Tamames JA, Acedo C, Álvarez-Linera J, Frank A. Structural correlates of depressive symptoms in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease. Br J Med Med Res. 2016;14:1–10.
Google Scholar
Canu E, Kostic M, Agosta F, Munjiza A, Ferraro PM, Pesic D, Copetti M, Peljto A, Lecic Tosevski D, Filippi M. Brain structural abnormalities in patients with major depression with or without generalized anxiety disorder comorbidity. J Neurol. 2015;262:1255–65.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gudayol-Ferre E, Pero-Cebollero M, Gonzalez-Garrido AA, Guardia-Olmos J. Changes in brain connectivity related to the treatment of depression measured through fMRI: a systematic review. Front Hum Neurosci. 2015;9:582.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Disabato BM, Morris C, Hranilovich J, D’Angelo GM, Zhou G, Wu N, Doraiswamy PM, Sheline YI. Comparison of brain structural variables, neuropsychological factors, and treatment outcome in early-onset versus late-onset late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014;22:1039–46.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ribeiz SR, Duran F, Oliveira MC, Bezerra D, Castro CC, Steffens DC, Busatto Filho G, Bottino CM. Structural brain changes as biomarkers and outcome predictors in patients with late-life depression: a cross-sectional and prospective study. PLoS One. 2013;8, e80049.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Du M, Liu J, Chen Z, Huang X, Li J, Kuang W, Yang Y, Zhang W, Zhou D, Bi F, et al. Brain grey matter volume alterations in late-life depression. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2014;39:397–406.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Jayaweera HK, Hickie IB, Duffy SL, Hermens DF, Mowszowski L, Diamond K, Terpening Z, Paradise M, Lewis SJ, Lagopoulos J, Naismith SL. Mild cognitive impairment subtypes in older people with depressive symptoms: relationship with clinical variables and hippocampal change. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2015;28:174–83.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Harada K, Matsuo K, Nakashima M, Hobara T, Higuchi N, Higuchi F, Nakano M, Otsuki K, Shibata T, Watanuki T, et al. Disrupted orbitomedial prefrontal limbic network in individuals with later-life depression. J Affect Disord. 2016;204:112–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tudorascu DL, Rosano C, Venkatraman VK, MacCloud RL, Harris T, Yaffe K, Newman AB, Aizenstein HJ. Multimodal MRI markers support a model of small vessel ischemia for depressive symptoms in very old adults. Psychiatry Res. 2014;224:73–80.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Gudmundsson P, Olesen PJ, Simoni M, Pantoni L, Ostling S, Kern S, Guo X, Skoog I. White matter lesions and temporal lobe atrophy related to incidence of both dementia and major depression in 70-year-olds followed over 10 years. Eur J Neurol. 2015;22:781–8. e49–50.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schmaal L, Veltman DJ, van Erp TG, Samann PG, Frodl T, Jahanshad N, Loehrer E, Tiemeier H, Hofman A, Niessen WJ, et al. Subcortical brain alterations in major depressive disorder: findings from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder working group. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21(6):806–12.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bijanki KR, Matsui JT, Mayberg HS, Magnotta VA, Arndt S, Johnson HJ, Nopoulos P, Paradiso S, McCormick LM, Fiedorowicz JG, et al. Depressive symptoms related to low fractional anisotropy of white matter underlying the right ventral anterior cingulate in older adults with atherosclerotic vascular disease. Front Hum Neurosci. 2015;9:408.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Newson RS, Hek K, Luijendijk HJ, Hofman A, Witteman JC, Tiemeier H. Atherosclerosis and incident depression in late life. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67:1144–51.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Paranthaman R, Greenstein AS, Burns AS, Cruickshank JK, Heagerty AM, Jackson A, Malik RA, Scott ML, Baldwin RC. Vascular function in older adults with depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2010;68:133–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brookes RL, Herbert V, Lawrence AJ, Morris RG, Markus HS. Depression in small-vessel disease relates to white matter ultrastructural damage, not disability. Neurology. 2014;83:1417–23.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wu M, Andreescu C, Butters MA, Tamburo R, Reynolds 3rd CF, Aizenstein H. Default-mode network connectivity and white matter burden in late-life depression. Psychiatry Res. 2011;194:39–46.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Venkatraman VK, Aizenstein H, Guralnik J, Newman AB, Glynn NW, Taylor C, Studenski S, Launer L, Pahor M, Williamson J, Rosano C. Executive control function, brain activation and white matter hyperintensities in older adults. Neuroimage. 2010;49:3436–42.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tadayonnejad R, Ajilore O. Brain network dysfunction in late-life depression: a literature review. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2014;27:5–12.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dutta A, McKie S, Deakin JF. Resting state networks in major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2014;224:139–51.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Santos M, Kovari E, Hof PR, Gold G, Bouras C, Giannakopoulos P. The impact of vascular burden on late-life depression. Brain Res Rev. 2009;62:19–32.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wu RH, Li Q, Tan Y, Liu XY, Huang J. Depression in silent lacunar infarction: a cross-sectional study of its association with location of silent lacunar infarction and vascular risk factors. Neurol Sci. 2014;35:1553–9.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Feng C, Fang M, Xu Y, Hua T, Liu XY. Microbleeds in late-life depression: comparison of early- and late-onset depression. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:682092.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Direk N, Perez HS, Akoudad S, Verhaaren BF, Niessen WJ, Hofman A, Vernooij MW, Ikram MA, Tiemeier H. Markers of cerebral small vessel disease and severity of depression in the general population. Psychiatry Res. 2016;253:1–6.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Colloby SJ, Firbank MJ, He J, Thomas AJ, Vasudev A, Parry SW, O’Brien JT. Regional cerebral blood flow in late-life depression: arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance study. Br J Psychiatry. 2012;200:150–5.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Direk N, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A, Ikram MA, Hoogendijk WJ, Tiemeier H. Cerebral hemodynamics and incident depression: the Rotterdam Study. Biol Psychiatry. 2012;72:318–23.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pavlovic AM, Pekmezovic T, Zidverc Trajkovic J, Svabic Medjedovic T, Veselinovic N, Radojicic A, Mijajlovic M, Tomic G, Jovanovic Z, Norton M, Sternic N. Baseline characteristic of patients presenting with lacunar stroke and cerebral small vessel disease may predict future development of depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;31:58–65.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kozdag G, Yalug I, Inan N, Ertas G, Selekler M, Kutlu H, Kutlu A, Emre E, Cetin M, Ural D. Major depressive disorder in chronic heart failure patients: Does silent cerebral infarction cause major depressive disorder in this patient population? Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2015;43:505–12.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hickie I, Simons L, Naismith S, Simons J, McCallum J, Pearson K. Vascular risk to late-life depression: evidence from a longitudinal community study. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2003;37:62–5.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grool AM, van der Graaf Y, Mali WP, Geerlings MI. Location of cerebrovascular and degenerative changes, depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning in later life: the SMART–Medea study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2011;82:1093–100.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grool AM, van der Graaf Y, Mali WP, Witkamp TD, Vincken KL, Geerlings MI. Location and progression of cerebral small-vessel disease and atrophy, and depressive symptom profiles: the Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART)-Medea study. Psychol Med. 2012;42:359–70.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hollocks MJ, Lawrence AJ, Brookes RL, Barrick TR, Morris RG, Husain M, Markus HS. Differential relationships between apathy and depression with white matter microstructural changes and functional outcomes. Brain. 2015;138:3803–15.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Smagula SF, Butters MA, Anderson SJ, Lenze EJ, Dew MA, Mulsant BH, Lotrich FE, Aizenstein H, Reynolds 3rd CF. Antidepressant response trajectories and associated clinical prognostic factors among older adults. JAMA Psychiat. 2015;72:1021–8.
Google Scholar
Diniz BS, Teixeira AL, Talib L, Gattaz WF, Forlenza OV. Interleukin-1beta serum levels is increased in antidepressant-free elderly depressed patients. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2010;18:172–6.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Diniz BS, Teixeira AL, Miranda AS, Talib LL, Gattaz WF, Forlenza OV. Circulating glial-derived neurotrophic factor is reduced in late-life depression. J Psychiatr Res. 2012;46:135–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Diniz BS, Teixeira AL, Campos AC, Miranda AS, Rocha NP, Talib LL, Gattaz WF, Forlenza OV. Reduced serum levels of adiponectin in elderly patients with major depression. J Psychiatr Res. 2012;46:1081–5.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Diniz BS, Teixeira AL, Talib LL, Mendonca VA, Gattaz WF, Forlenza OV. Increased soluble TNF receptor 2 in antidepressant-free patients with late-life depression. J Psychiatr Res. 2010;44:917–20.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Diniz BS, Teixeira AL, Talib LL, Mendonca VA, Gattaz WF, Forlenza OV. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level is reduced in antidepressant-free patients with late-life depression. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2010;11:550–5.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Torres-Platas SG, Nagy C, Wakid M, Turecki G, Mechawar N. Glial fibrillary acidic protein is differentially expressed across cortical and subcortical regions in healthy brains and downregulated in the thalamus and caudate nucleus of depressed suicides. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21:509–15.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Diniz BS, Sibille E, Ding Y, Tseng G, Aizenstein HJ, Lotrich F, Becker JT, Lopez OL, Lotze MT, Klunk WE, et al. Plasma biosignature and brain pathology related to persistent cognitive impairment in late-life depression. Mol Psychiatry. 2015;20:594–601.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carvalho AF, Kohler CA, McIntyre RS, Knochel C, Brunoni AR, Thase ME, Quevedo J, Fernandes BS, Berk M. Peripheral vascular endothelial growth factor as a novel depression biomarker: a meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;62:18–26.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tseng PT, Cheng YS, Chen YW, Wu CK, Lin PY. Increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;25:1622–30.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krishnan V, Nestler EJ. Linking molecules to mood: new insight into the biology of depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167:1305–20.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hodes GE, Kana V, Menard C, Merad M, Russo SJ. Neuroimmune mechanisms of depression. Nat Neurosci. 2015;18:1386–93.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Medina A, Watson SJ, Bunney Jr W, Myers RM, Schatzberg A, Barchas J, Akil H, Thompson RC. Evidence for alterations of the glial syncytial function in major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2016;72:15–21.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bremmer MA, Beekman AT, Deeg DJ, Penninx BW, Dik MG, Hack CE, Hoogendijk WJ. Inflammatory markers in late-life depression: results from a population-based study. J Affect Disord. 2008;106:249–55.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Paradise MB, Naismith SL, Norrie LM, Graeber MB, Hickie IB. The role of glia in late-life depression. Int Psychogeriatr. 2012;24:1878–90.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hendricksen M, Thomas AJ, Ferrier IN, Ince P, O’Brien JT. Neuropathological study of the dorsal raphe nuclei in late-life depression and Alzheimer's disease with and without depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161:1096–102.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wilson RS, Nag S, Boyle PA, Hizel LP, Yu L, Buchman AS, Shah RC, Schneider JA, Arnold SE, Bennett DA. Brainstem aminergic nuclei and late-life depressive symptoms. JAMA Psychiat. 2013;70:1320–8.
Google Scholar
Baldwin RC, O’Brien J. Vascular basis of late-onset depressive disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 2002;180:157–60.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Santos M, Kovari E, Gold G, Bozikas VP, Hof PR, Bouras C, Giannakopoulos P. The neuroanatomical model of post-stroke depression: towards a change of focus? J Neurol Sci. 2009;283:158–62.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Santos M, Gold G, Kovari E, Herrmann FR, Hof PR, Bouras C, Giannakopoulos P. Neuropathological analysis of lacunes and microvascular lesions in late-onset depression. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2010;36:661–72.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Xekardaki A, Santos M, Hof P, Kövari E, Bouras C, Giannakopoulos G. Neuropathological substrates and structural changes in late-life depression: the impact of vascular burden. Acta Neuropathol. 2012;124:453–64.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lloyd AJ, Grace JB, Jaros E, Perry RH, Fairbairn AF, Swann AG, O’Brien JT, McKeith IG. Depression in late life, cognitive decline and white matter pathology in two clinico-pathologically investigated cases. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2001;16:281–7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
O’Brien J, Thomas A, Ballard C, Brown A, Ferrier N, Jaros E, Perry R. Cognitive impairment in depression is not associated with neuropathologic evidence of increased vascular or Alzheimer-type pathology. Biol Psychiatry. 2001;49:130–6.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Thomas AJ, O’Brien JT, Davis S, Ballard C, Barber R, Kalaria RN, Perry RH. Ischemic basis for deep white matter hyperintensities in major depression: a neuropathological study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59:785–92.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tsopelas C, Stewart R, Savva GM, Brayne C, Ince P, Thomas A, Matthews FE. Neuropathological correlates of late-life depression in older people. Br J Psychiatry. 2011;198:109–14.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wilson RS, Schneider JA, Bienias JL, Arnold SE, Evans DA, Bennett DA. Depressive symptoms, clinical AD, and cortical plaques and tangles in older persons. Neurology. 2003;61:1102–7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rapp MA, Schnaider-Beeri M, Grossman HT, Sano M, Perl DP, Purohit DP, Gorman JM, Haroutunian V. Increased hippocampal plaques and tangles in patients with Alzheimer disease with a lifetime history of major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:161–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rapp MA, Schnaider-Beeri M, Purohit DP, Perl DP, Haroutunian V, Sano M. Increased neurofibrillary tangles in patients with Alzheimer disease with comorbid depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008;16:168–74.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gunning-Dixon FM, Walton M, Cheng J, Acuna J, Klimstra S, Zimmerman ME, Brickman AM, Hoptman MJ, Young RC, Alexopoulos GS. MRI signal hyperintensities and treatment remission of geriatric depression. J Affect Disord. 2010;126:395–401.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Olesen PJ, Gustafson DR, Simoni M, Pantoni L, Ostling S, Guo X, Skoog I. Temporal lobe atrophy and white matter lesions are related to major depression over 5 years in the elderly. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010;35:2638–45.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Beekman AT. Neuropathological correlates of late-life depression. Expert Rev Neurother. 2011;11:947–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sweet RA, Hamilton RL, Butters MA, Mulsant BH, Pollock BG, Lewis DA, Lopez OL, DeKosky ST, Reynolds 3rd CF. Neuropathologic correlates of late-onset major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004;29:2242–50.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Willner P. Validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress model of depression: a 10-year review and evaluation. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1997;134:319–29.
CAS
Google Scholar
Fuchs E. Social stress in tree shrews as an animal model of depression: an example of a behavioral model of a CNS disorder. CNS Spectr. 2005;10:182–90.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rygula R, Abumaria N, Flugge G, Fuchs E, Ruther E, Havemann-Reinecke U. Anhedonia and motivational deficits in rats: impact of chronic social stress. Behav Brain Res. 2005;162:127–34.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bergstrom A, Jayatissa MN, Mork A, Wiborg O. Stress sensitivity and resilience in the chronic mild stress rat model of depression; an in situ hybridization study. Brain Res. 2008;1196:41–52.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bouzinova EV, Norregaard R, Boedtkjer DM, Razgovorova IA, Moeller AM, Kudryavtseva O, Wiborg O, Aalkjaer C, Matchkov VV. Association between endothelial dysfunction and depression-like symptoms in chronic mild stress model of depression. Psychosom Med. 2014;76:268–76.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Isingrini E, Surget A, Belzung C, Freslon JL, Frisbee J, O’Donnell J, Camus V, d’Audiffret A. Altered aortic vascular reactivity in the unpredictable chronic mild stress model of depression in mice: UCMS causes relaxation impairment to ACh. Physiol Behav. 2011;103:540–6.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Isingrini E, Belzung C, d’Audiffret A, Camus V. Early and late-onset effect of chronic stress on vascular function in mice: a possible model of the impact of depression on vascular disease in aging. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011;19:335–46.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sun MK, Alkon DL. Cerebral ischemia-induced difference in sensitivity to depression and potential therapeutics in rats. Behav Pharmacol. 2013;24:222–8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grizzell JA, Mullins M, Iarkov A, Rohani A, Charry LC, Echeverria V. Cotinine reduces depressive-like behavior and hippocampal vascular endothelial growth factor downregulation after forced swim stress in mice. Behav Neurosci. 2014;128:713–21.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wharton SB, Simpson JE, Brayne C, Ince PG. Age-associated white matter lesions: the MRC Cognitive Function and Ageing Study. Brain Pathol. 2015;25:35–43.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Haybaeck J, Loitfelder M, Weis S, Cavalieri M, Seiler S, Enzinger C, Ropele S, Erkinjuntti T, et al. Heterogeneity in age-related white matter changes. Acta Neuropathol. 2011;122:171–85.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mettenburg JM, Benzinger TL, Shimony JS, Snyder AZ, Sheline YI. Diminished performance on neuropsychological testing in late life depression is correlated with microstructural white matter abnormalities. Neuroimage. 2012;60:2182–90.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Murphy ML, Frodl T. Meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies shows altered fractional anisotropy occurring in distinct brain areas in association with depression. Biol Mood Anxiety Disord. 2011;1:3.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zou K, Huang X, Li T, Gong Q, Li Z, Ou-Yang L, Deng W, Chen Q, Li C, Ding Y, Sun X. Alterations of white matter integrity in adults with major depressive disorder: a magnetic resonance imaging study. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2008;33:525–30.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Choi KS, Holtzheimer PE, Franco AR, Kelley ME, Dunlop BW, Hu XP, Mayberg HS. Reconciling variable findings of white matter integrity in major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2014;39:1332–9.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bezerra DM, Pereira FR, Cendes F, Jackowski MP, Nakano EY, Moscoso MA, Ribeiz SR, Avila R, Castro CC, Bottino CM. DTI voxelwise analysis did not differentiate older depressed patients from older subjects without depression. J Psychiatr Res. 2012;46:1643–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Abe O, Yamasue H, Kasai K, Yamada H, Aoki S, Inoue H, Takei K, Suga M, Matsuo K, Kato T, et al. Voxel-based analyses of gray/white matter volume and diffusion tensor data in major depression. Psychiatry Res. 2010;181:64–70.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Valkanova V, Ebmeier KP. Vascular risk factors and depression in later life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;73:406–13.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Waloszek JM, Byrne ML, Woods MJ, Nicholas CL, Bei B, Murray G, Raniti M, Allen NB, Trinder J. Early physiological markers of cardiovascular risk in community based adolescents with a depressive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2015;175:403–10.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Paulson D, Bowen ME, Lichtenberg PA. Does brain reserve protect older women from vascular depression? J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2014;69:157–67.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gothe F, Enache D, Wahlund LO, Winblad B, Crisby M, Lokk J, Aarsland D. Cerebrovascular diseases and depression: epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment. Panminerva Med. 2012;54:161–70.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hybels CF, Pieper CF, Landerman LR, Payne ME, Steffens DC. Vascular lesions and functional limitations among older adults: does depression make a difference? Int Psychogeriatr. 2014;26(9):1501–9.
Google Scholar
Smith GS, Kramer E, Ma Y, Kingsley P, Dhawan V, Chaly T, Eidelberg D. The functional neuroanatomy of geriatric depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24:798–808.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kruglov LS, Meshandin IA. The optimization of therapy of old age patients with co-morbidity of depression and vascular psychoorganic disorders. Psychiatry Psychopharmacother. 2012;14:50–6.
Google Scholar
Khalaf A, Edelman K, Tudorascu D, Andreescu C, Reynolds CF, Aizenstein H. White matter hyperintensity accumulation during treatment of late-life depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015;40(13):3027–35.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Butters MA, Whyte EM, Nebes RD, Begley AE, Dew MA, Mulsant BH, Zmuda MD, Bhalla R, Meltzer CC, Pollock BG, et al. The nature and determinants of neuropsychological functioning in late-life depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61:587–95.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tedeschini E, Levkovitz Y, Iovieno N, Ameral VE, Nelson JC, Papakostas GI. Efficacy of antidepressants for late-life depression: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of placebo-controlled randomized trials. J Clin Psychiatry. 2011;72:1660–8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Little JT, Reynolds 3rd CF, Dew MA, Frank E, Begley AE, Miller MD, Cornes C, Mazumdar S, Perel JM, Kupfer DJ. How common is resistance to treatment in recurrent, nonpsychotic geriatric depression? Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:1035–8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bingham KS, Whyte EM, Meyers BS, Mulsant BH, Rothschild AJ, Banerjee S, Flint AJ. Relationship between cerebrovascular risk, cognition, and treatment outcome in late-life psychotic depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;23:1270–5.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kruglov LS, Meshandin IA. The relationships of cerebrovascular disease and depression in old age. Psychogeriatria Polska. 2013;10:91–102.
Google Scholar
Iosifescu DV, Clementi-Craven N, Fraguas R, Papakostas GI, Petersen T, Alpert JE, Nierenberg AA, Fava M. Cardiovascular risk factors may moderate pharmacological treatment effects in major depressive disorder. Psychosom Med. 2005;67:703–6.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fiedorowicz JG. Depression and cardiovascular disease: an update on how course of illness may influence risk. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2014;16:492.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Thomas A, O’Brien JT. Management of late-life depression: a major leap forward. Lancet. 2015;386(10011):2374–5.
PubMed
Google Scholar
van Melle JP, de Jonge P. Beta-blocker use and the development of depression. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103:1331–2.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Luijendijk HJ, Koolman X. The incentive to publish negative studies: how beta-blockers and depression got stuck in the publication cycle. J Clin Epidemiol. 2012;65:488–92.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Baskys A. Pharmacogenomic information for common psychotropic drugs. In: Procyshyn RM, Bezchlibnyk-Butler KZ, Jeffries JJ, Procyshyn RM, Bezchlibnyk-Butler KZ, Jeffries JJ, editors. Clinical Handbook of Psychotropic Drugs. 21st ed. Boston: Hogrefe; 2015.
Google Scholar
Kooistra M, van der Graaf Y, Grool AM, Zuithoff NP, Jan Biessels G, Geerlings MI. The natural course of elevated levels of depressive symptoms in patients with vascular disease over eight years of follow-up. The SMART-Medea study. J Affect Disord. 2016;202:95–101.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Harper DG, Joe EB, Jensen JE, Ravichandran C, Forester BP. Brain levels of high-energy phosphate metabolites and executive function in geriatric depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016. doi:10.1002/gps.4439.
Pennisi M, Lanza G, Cantone M, Ricceri R, Spampinato C, Pennisi G, Di Lazzaro V, Bella R. Correlation between motor cortex excitability changes and cognitive impairment in vascular depression: pathophysiological insights from a longitudinal TMS study. Neural Plast. 2016;2016:8154969.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Brunoni AR, Bensenor IM, Alves TC. Therapeutic interventions for vascular depression: a systematic review. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2011;33:400–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Peisah C, Snowdon J, Kril J, Rodriguez M. Clinicopathological findings of suicide in the elderly: three cases. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2007;37:648–58.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Boldrini M, Hen R, Underwood MD, Rosoklija GB, Dwork AJ, Mann JJ, Arango V. Hippocampal angiogenesis and progenitor cell proliferation are increased with antidepressant use in major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2012;72:562–71.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Boldrini M, Santiago AN, Hen R, Dwork AJ, Rosoklija GB, Tamir H, Arango V, John MJ. Hippocampal granule neuron number and dentate gyrus volume in antidepressant-treated and untreated major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013;38:1068–77.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Tham MW, Woon PS, Sum MY, Lee TS, Sim K. White matter abnormalities in major depression: evidence from post-mortem, neuroimaging and genetic studies. J Affect Disord. 2011;132:26–36.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Taylor WD, Benjamin S, McQuoid DR, Payne ME, Krishnan RR, MacFall JR, Ashley-Koch A. AGTR1 gene variation: association with depression and frontotemporal morphology. Psychiatry Res. 2012;202:104–9.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Krishnan KR, McDonald WM. Arteriosclerotic depression. Med Hypotheses. 1995;44:111–5.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar