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  4. Delay in seeking care is a major impediment to effective management of tuberculosis (TB) in China. To elucidate factors that underpin patient and diagnostic delays in TB management, we conducted a systematic r...

    Authors: Ying Li, John Ehiri, Shenglan Tang, Daikun Li, Yongqiao Bian, Hui Lin, Caitlin Marshall and Jia Cao
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The extra-cranial venous system is complex and not well studied in comparison to the peripheral venous system. A newly proposed vascular condition, named chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), des...

    Authors: Kresimir Dolic, Adnan H Siddiqui, Yuval Karmon, Karen Marr and Robert Zivadinov
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:155
    Content type: Review Published on:

  6. Sporadic miscarriage is the most common complication of early pregnancy. Two or three consecutive pregnancy losses is a less common phenomenon, and this is considered a distinct disease entity. Sporadic miscar...

    Authors: Elisabeth Clare Larsen, Ole Bjarne Christiansen, Astrid Marie Kolte and Nick Macklon
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:154
    Content type: Review Published on:

  7. Influenza vaccines are most effective when the antigens in the vaccine match those of circulating strains. However, antigens contained in the vaccines do not always match circulating strains. In the present wo...

    Authors: Andrea C Tricco, Ayman Chit, Charlene Soobiah, David Hallett, Genevieve Meier, Maggie H Chen, Mariam Tashkandi, Chris T Bauch and Mark Loeb
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:153
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. In this video Q&A, we talk to Professor Carlos Caldas about the identification of breast cancer subtypes through molecular profiling, and the clinical implications for diagnosis and treatment.

    Authors: Carlos Caldas
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:150
    Content type: Question and Answer Published on:

  12. Strategies for use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have traditionally focused on providing treatment to persons who stand to benefit immediately from initiating the therapy. There is global consensus that any ...

    Authors: Jens D Lundgren, Abdel G Babiker, Fred M Gordin, Álvaro H Borges and James D Neaton
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:148
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  13. The debate regarding ‘When to Start’ antiretroviral therapy has raged since the introduction of zidovudine in 1987. Based on the entry criteria for the original Burroughs Wellcome 002 study, the field has been...

    Authors: Ricardo A Franco and Michael S Saag
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:147
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  14. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are attractive for cell-based therapies ranging from regenerative medicine and tissue engineering to immunomodulation. However, clinical efficacy is variable and it is unclear ...

    Authors: Georg Siegel, Torsten Kluba, Ursula Hermanutz-Klein, Karen Bieback, Hinnak Northoff and Richard Schäfer
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Asthma is characterized by both chronic inflammation and airway remodeling. Remodeling - the structural changes seen in asthmatic airways - is pivotal in the pathogenesis of the disease. Although significant a...

    Authors: Rachid Berair, Ruth Saunders and Christopher E Brightling
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:145
    Content type: Minireview Published on:

  16. Poor pain and function outcomes are undesirable after an elective surgery such as total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA). Recent studies have indicated that the presence of contralateral joint influences out...

    Authors: Jasvinder A Singh and David G Lewallen
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. The coronary arteries have been regarded as end arteries for decades. However, there are functionally relevant anastomotic vessels, known as collateral arteries, which interconnect epicardial coronary arteries...

    Authors: Pascal Meier, Stephan H Schirmer, Alexandra J Lansky, Adam Timmis, Bertram Pitt and Christian Seiler
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:143
    Content type: Review Published on:

  19. Clinicians are encouraged to take an individualized approach when treatinghypertension in patients of African ancestry, but little is known about whythe individual patient may respond well to calcium blockers ...

    Authors: Lizzy M Brewster and Yackoob K Seedat
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and varenicline are both effective in helping smokers quit. There is growing interest in combining the two treatments to improve treatment outcomes, but no experimental data ...

    Authors: Peter Hajek, Katie Myers Smith, Al-Rehan Dhanji and Hayden McRobbie
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:140
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been promoted as an attractive option to use as cellular delivery vehicles to carry anti-tumor agents, owing to their ability to home into tumor sites and secrete cytokines. ...

    Authors: Carolina Belmar-Lopez, Gracia Mendoza, Daniel Oberg, Jerome Burnet, Carlos Simon, Irene Cervello, Maite Iglesias, Juan Carlos Ramirez, Pilar Lopez-Larrubia, Miguel Quintanilla and Pilar Martin-Duque
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) therapy may be useful in early musculoskeletal rehabilitation during acute critical illness. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectivenes...

    Authors: Nicola A Maffiuletti, Marc Roig, Eleftherios Karatzanos and Serafim Nanas
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Falls are one of the most frequently occurring adverse events that impact upon the recovery of older hospital inpatients. Falls can threaten both immediate and longer-term health and independence. There is nee...

    Authors: Terry P Haines, Anne-Marie Hill, Keith D Hill, Sandra G Brauer, Tammy Hoffmann, Christopher Etherton-Beer and Steven M McPhail
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) poses a major limitation for broader therapeutic application of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Early diagnosis of aGVHD remains difficult and ...

    Authors: Carina A Bäuerlein, Simone S Riedel, Jeanette Baker, Christian Brede, Ana-Laura Jordán Garrote, Martin Chopra, Miriam Ritz, Georg F Beilhack, Stephan Schulz, Robert Zeiser, Paul G Schlegel, Hermann Einsele, Robert S Negrin and Andreas Beilhack
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) provides a useful opportunity to revisit debates about the nature of psychiatric classification. An important debate concerns the...

    Authors: Dan J Stein and Katharine A Phillips
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:133
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  28. The central theme of personalized medicine is the premise that an individual’s unique physiologic characteristics play a significant role in both disease vulnerability and in response to specific therapies. Th...

    Authors: Uzoezi Ozomaro, Claes Wahlestedt and Charles B Nemeroff
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:132
    Content type: Review Published on:

  31. Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder worldwide. The burden of disease for depression goes beyond functioning and quality of life and extends to somatic health. Depression has been shown to subseq...

    Authors: Brenda WJH Penninx, Yuri Milaneschi, Femke Lamers and Nicole Vogelzangs
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:129
    Content type: Review Published on:

  32. The furore preceding the release of the new edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is in contrast to the incremental changes to several diagnostic categories, which are de...

    Authors: Michael Berk
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:128
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  35. After 30 years of consensus-derived diagnostic categories in mental health, it is time to head in new directions. Those categories placed great emphasis on enhanced reliability and the capacity to identify the...

    Authors: Ian B Hickie, Jan Scott, Daniel F Hermens, Elizabeth M Scott, Sharon L Naismith, Adam J Guastella, Nick Glozier and Patrick D McGorry
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:125
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  36. A precise understanding of the genomic and epigenomic features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may benefit the study of the disease’s staging and treatment. While recent reports have shed some light on t...

    Authors: Víctor Quesada, Andrew J Ramsay, David Rodríguez, Xose S Puente, Elías Campo and Carlos López-Otín
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:124
    Content type: Review Published on:

  37. The role of drug-eluting balloons (DEB) is unclear. Increasing evidence has shown a benefit for the treatment of in-stent restenosis. Its effect on de novo coronary lesions is more controversial. Several smaller ...

    Authors: Georg M Fröhlich, Alexandra J Lansky, Dennis T Ko, Olga Archangelidi, Rodney De Palma, Adam Timmis and Pascal Meier
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:123
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Almost nothing is known about the medical aspects of runners doing a transcontinental ultramarathon over several weeks. The results of differentiated measurements of changes in body composition during the Tran...

    Authors: Uwe HW Schütz, Christian Billich, Kathrin König, Christian Würslin, Heike Wiedelbach, Hans-Jürgen Brambs and Jürgen Machann
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:122
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. An ancillary finding in previous research has suggested that the use of antidepressant medications increases the risk of developing Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Our objective was to evaluate whether dep...

    Authors: Mary AM Rogers, M Todd Greene, Vincent B Young, Sanjay Saint, Kenneth M Langa, John Y Kao and David M Aronoff
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:121
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Atherosclerosis, the major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), is a chronic inflammatory condition with immune competent cells in lesions producing mainly pro-inflammatory cytokines. Dead cells and oxidized...

    Authors: Johan Frostegård
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:117
    Content type: Review Published on:

  48. The cost-effectiveness of universal rotavirus (RV) vaccination is controversial in developed countries. As a result, RV vaccination programs do not currently exist in most European countries. Hospitalization i...

    Authors: Patricia Bruijning-Verhagen, Marie-Josée J Mangen, Mariet Felderhof, Nico G Hartwig, Marlies van Houten, Léon Winkel, Wouter J de Waal and Marc JM Bonten
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:112
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Despite being a core business of medicine, end of life care (EoLC) is neglected. It is hampered by research that is difficult to conduct with no common standards. We aimed to develop evidence-based guidance on...

    Authors: Irene J Higginson, Catherine J Evans, Gunn Grande, Nancy Preston, Myfanwy Morgan, Paul McCrone, Penney Lewis, Peter Fayers, Richard Harding, Matthew Hotopf, Scott A Murray, Hamid Benalia, Marjolein Gysels, Morag Farquhar and Chris Todd
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:111
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The mind-body nexus has been a topic of growing interest. Further data are however required to understand the specific relationship between mood and anxiety disorders and individual physical health conditions,...

    Authors: Livia Sanna, Amanda L Stuart, Julie A Pasco, Mark A Kotowicz, Michael Berk, Paolo Girardi, Sharon L Brennan and Lana J Williams
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2013 11:110
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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